A low-speed vehicle (LSV) is a small, typically electrically powered vehicle designed to travel at relatively low speeds, usually capped at 40 km/h (25 mph). Speed limits, safety requirements, and legal classifications vary by country and region. These differences appear within the EU and also between the UK, US, and Canada.
The US vs the EU
In the US, low-speed vehicles (LSVs) can drive on roads with speed limits of 35 mph (56 km/h) or lower. However, some local or state laws may impose additional rules. To qualify legally as an LSV in the United States, a vehicle must include certain basic safety requirements. It must have headlights, turn signals, mirrors, seat belts, a windscreen, and a Vehicle Identification Number (VIN).
In the EU, similar vehicles fall under light and heavy quadricycle categories (L6e and L7e). They follow EU-wide technical standards for weight, power, and speed. Because individual member states set the rules on licensing, road access, and usage, each country may regulate these vehicles differently.
How They’re Used
While terminology and regulations vary by region, the core idea is the same: small, low-speed vehicles built for short trips in quiet or urban settings. They’re a lightweight, energy-efficient alternative to full-sized cars, ideal for places like city centres, campuses, business parks, residential neighbourhoods, retirement communities, and resort towns; places where high speeds and larger cars aren’t really needed.
LSVs typically fall somewhere between golf carts and compact city cars in appearance (and in function). They are small and narrow, usually seating two to four people, with a lightweight, minimalist design. Depending on how they’re meant to be used, some models come fully enclosed with standard doors and glass windows, while others have open sides.
Alongside passenger models, there are also utility and cargo versions built for practical tasks like maintenance, deliveries, or light transport. These often come with flatbeds, cargo boxes, or tool racks instead of rear seats.
Synonym(s):
- low-speed electric vehicle
- neighborhood electric vehicle
- quadricycle
